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Alfred Priest

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Not to be confused with the portraitist Alfred Priest.

Alfred Priest
Portrait by Miles Edmund Cotman
Born(1810-12-12)12 December 1810
Norwich
Died9 December 1850(1850-12-09) (aged 39)
Norwich
NationalityBritish
Known forLandscape painting
MovementNorwich School of painters

Alfred Priest (12 December 1810 – 9 December 1850) was an English painter of landscapes and marine artist, and a member of the Norwich School of painters. Born in Norwich, he was educated to follow his father in becoming a pharmacist, but he left home to work at sea, before briefly working as an apprentice surgeon.

With his family’s support, Priest then studied art in London, and was taught by James Stark and Edward William Cooke. He specialized in marine painting and rural scenes of his native Norfolk, and exhibited at the Society of British Artists and the Royal Academy. He died in Norwich of tuberculosis at the age of 39, two years after ill health forced him to return home from London.

Priest's etchings, of which around 60 are known, are in the British Museum; many of his paintings are held in the Norfolk Museums Collections. He is considered to have produced seascapes that have an authenticity not evident in all of his landscapes; his etchings, though of variable quality, are considered by modern art critics to be charming.

Early years

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etching a the artist's family business premises
An etching by Priest of the chemist's shop on London Street, Norwich, run by his father (undated), British Museum

Alfred Priest was born in the English city of Norwich on 12 December 1810, the son of John Fox Priest and his wife Elizabeth Neal (née Raven). He was baptised at St Gregory's Church, Norwich two days later.[1] He had at least one artistic sibling, Mary, who outlived her brother by three decades.[2]

John Priest was a chemist, who ensured his son was educated well enough for the boy to follow in his father's profession.[3] Following his education, and acting against his father's wishes, Priest left home. He returned to Norwich after a period at sea and then briefly worked as an apprentice to a surgeon in the Norfolk town of Downham Market.[4]

Priest became interested in becoming an artist, and studied etching under Henry Ninham for two years.[3] His first known original engraving was Sketch of the opening the Harbour at Lowestoft on the 9th of August 1831.[5] He was one of several of the Norwich School artists who produced the occasional lithograph.[6]

Career in London

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Priest was living in London by 1833, when he was residing at 14, Crawford Row, Chelsea.[7] With the support of his father,[8] Priest was a pupil of James Stark (when Stark was living in Chelsea),[3] and Edward William Cooke, who became a close friend.[2] Priest specialised in marine painting and is noted for his depictions of water and waves.[7] By 1834 he was working as a portraitist.[9] In 1835 he married, and moved to 34, Pembroke Square, Kensington.[8]

Priest exhibited at the Society of British Artists in 1837 and 1838.[10] His pictures were shown for the first time at the Royal Academy in 1833. He exhibited a total of 89 works between 1833 and 1847.[8] He painted river scenes so as to demonstrate his ability to depict flowing water. The works he exhibited were Scene at Taverham, Norfolk, Water Mill, Maple Durham, near Reading and Iffley Mill, near Oxford.[10] His choice of subject matter in his oil paintings and watercolours was shared with his close friend Miles Edmund Cotman, who visited him in Reading, and it seems that the artists worked closely together for a period.[10][7] During the 1840s their styles diverged, with Priest working less meticulously than his colleague.[10] Priest is mentioned in the correspondence of the Cotman family and the artist Edward Thomas Daniell.[8]

Although Priest spent most of his adult life in London, most of his paintings and etchings, which were produced there, are of Norfolk scenes.[2]

Return to Norfolk

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Beach Scene 1849, Norfolk Museums Collections

Ill health forced Priest to return to Norfolk in 1848,[3] and he spent much of the following year living on the coast.[11] He died in Norwich of tuberculosis on 9 December 1850,[12] aged 39.[7][note 1] He was buried in the churchyard at Cringleford, outside Norwich.[11]

According to the art historian William Dickes, writing in 1905, Priest "too often yielded to the sad art of fortifying himself with brandy". Priest was noted by Dickes for his fondness for children and animals, and produced a children's book, The Hare and Three Leverets, in 1848.[14]

Reputation and legacy

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Priest, along with Robert Leman, Thomas Lound, Henry Bright and John Middleton, is considered by the art historian Andrew Moore to be one of the outstanding artists of the final phase of the Norwich School during the middle of the 19th century.[5] Walpole notes that Priest was "talented to the point of facility". She considers his best works to be his seascapes, which have an authenticity lacking in some of his landscapes. that may be because of his ability to depict transparent effects. Walpole notes that Priest's landscapes make good use of warm ochres, greens and browns, but that his later paintings can be dull-looking.[7]

Around sixty etchings by Priest are known.[2][7] The British Museum hold proofs of what are probably a complete collection of Priest's etchings,[2] which are small and of every find of subject. He also produced a few mezzotints.[8] The art historian Josephine Walpole describes his work as "extremely competent".[7]

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Paintings

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  • oil painting of a rural scene in Oxford
    Iffley Mill, Oxford (1844), Norfolk Museums Collections
  • watercolour beach scene by Priest
    The Sands at Rye (1849), Norfolk Museums Collections
  • Norwich perspective painting by Priest
    Norwich from the South East (1849), Norfolk Museums Collections
  • rural scene by Priest
    Thorpe River, Norwich (undated), Norfolk Museums Collections
  • oil painting of beech trees
    Beech trees, grazing cattle to right (undated), Norfolk Museums Collections
  • oil painting of cattle and old bridge
    Godstowe Bridge, Oxford 1844, Norfolk Museums Collections

Etchings

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  • etching of buildings in Norwich
    Front of New Mills, Norwich (undated), British Museum
  • etching of trees
    View with cottages behind tree (undated), British Museum
  • Coastal view (1830), British Museum
    Coastal view (1830), British Museum

Notes

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  1. ^ A 39-year-old man from the Norwich suburb of Heigham named Alfred Priest was recorded as being buried in Cringleford, Norfolk, on 19 December 1850.[13]

References

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  1. ^ Image 56: Alfred Priest in "Archdeacons transcripts for Norwich parishes, 1600-1812", FamilySearch (Alfred Priest).
  2. ^ a b c d e Searle 2015, p. 90.
  3. ^ a b c d Day 1968, p. 99.
  4. ^ Dickes 1905, pp. 566–567.
  5. ^ a b Moore 1985, p. 129.
  6. ^ Searle 2015, p. 122.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Walpole 1997, p. 156.
  8. ^ a b c d e Dickes 1905, p. 567.
  9. ^ Moore 1985, p. 130.
  10. ^ a b c d Moore 1985, p. 136.
  11. ^ a b Dickes 1905, p. 568.
  12. ^ "Births, Deaths, Marriages and Obituaries". Morning Chronicle. No. 26226. London. 18 December 1850. p. 8. Retrieved 21 February 2022. (subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries that are in the UK)
  13. ^ Alfred Priest in "Norfolk, England, Church of England Deaths and Burials, 1813-1995", Ancestry (Image 587). Citing Norfolk, England, Church of England Deaths and Burials, 1813-1995. (subscription required)
  14. ^ Dickes 1905, pp. 567–568.

Bibliography

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